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Driver Initialization |
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| Chrome | IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); |
|---|---|
| Firefox | IWebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); |
| Edge | IWebDriver driver = new EdgeDriver(); |
| Safari | IWebDriver driver = new SafariDriver(); |
Locating Elements |
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| By ID: | driver.FindElement(By.Id("<element_ID>")); |
| By Name: | driver.FindElement(By.Name("<element_name>")); |
| By Class Name: | driver.FindElement(By.ClassName("<element_class>")); |
| By Tag Name: | driver.FindElement(By.TagName("<html_tag_name>")); |
| By CSS Selector: | driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("Tag#Value_of_id_attribute")); |
| By XPath: | driver.FindElement(By.XPath("//input[@type='submit']")); |
| By Link Text: | driver.FindElement(By.LinkText("<link_text>")); |
| By Partial Link Text: | driver.FindElement(By.PartialLinkText("<link_text>")); |
Working with Files |
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Upload a file:
using OpenQA.Selenium;
IWebElement fileInput = driver.FindElement(By.Id("file-upload"));
fileInput.SendKeys(@"path\to\your\file.txt");
driver.FindElement(By.Id("file-submit")).Submit();
Read data from a text file:
using System.IO;
string[] lines = File.ReadAllLines(@"path\to\your\file.txt");
foreach (string line in lines)
{
Console.WriteLine(line);
}
Read data from a CSV file:
using System.IO;
using CsvHelper;
using (var reader = new StreamReader(@"path\to\your\csvfile.csv"))
using (var csv = new CsvReader(reader, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture))
{
var records = csv.GetRecords<dynamic>().ToList();
}
Read data from an Excel file:
using OfficeOpenXml;
using System.IO;
FileInfo file = new FileInfo(@"path\to\your\excelfile.xlsx");
using (ExcelPackage package = new ExcelPackage(file))
{
ExcelWorksheet worksheet = package.Workbook.Worksheets["Sheet1"];
int rowCount = worksheet.Dimension.Rows;
int colCount = worksheet.Dimension.Columns;
for (int row= 1; row <= rowCount; row++) {
for (int col = 1; col <= colCount; col++) {
Console.Write(worksheet.Cells[row, col].Value.ToString() + "\t");
}
Console.WriteLine();
}
}
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Selenium Navigators |
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| Navigate to a URL | driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("<URL>"); |
| Refresh the page | driver.Navigate().Refresh(); |
| Navigate forward in browser history | driver.Navigate().Forward(); |
| Navigate back in browser history | driver.Navigate().Back(); |
Working with Windows |
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Get the current window handle:
string mainWindowHandle = driver.CurrentWindowHandle; Get all window handles:
ReadOnlyCollection<string> allWindowHandles = driver.WindowHandles; Switch to a specific window:
string windowHandle = driver.CurrentWindowHandle; driver.SwitchTo().Window(windowHandle); Close the current window:
driver.Close(); |
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Working with Frames |
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Switch to a frame by name or ID:
driver.SwitchTo().Frame("frameName");
Switch to a frame by index:
driver.SwitchTo().Frame(1); Switch to a frame using a WebElement:
IWebElement iframe = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("#modal>iframe"));
driver.SwitchTo().Frame(iframe);
Switch back to the main content:
driver.SwitchTo().DefaultContent(); |
|
Working with Dropdowns (Select Elements) |
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Find the dropdown element:
var dropdown = driver.FindElement(By.Id("dropdown_id"));
Create a Select instance for the dropdown element:
var select = new SelectElement(dropdown); Select an option by visible text:
select.SelectByText("Option Text");
Select an option by value:
select.SelectByValue("option_value");
Select an option by index:
select.SelectByIndex(1); Deselect all options (only applicable for multi-select dropdowns):
select.DeselectAll(); Get all selected options:
var selectedOptions = select.AllSelectedOptions; Get the first selected option:
var firstSelectedOption = select.SelectedOption; |
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Mouse Actions |
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Click:
var actions = new Actions(driver); actions.Click(element).Perform(); Double click:
actions.DoubleClick(element).Perform(); Right click:
actions.ContextClick(element).Perform(); Drag and drop:
actions.DragAndDrop(sourceElement, targetElement).Perform(); Move to element:
actions.MoveToElement(element).Perform(); |
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Working with Alerts |
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Switch to an alert:
IAlert alert = driver.SwitchTo().Alert(); Enter text in an alert:
alert.SendKeys("Selenium");
Dismiss an alert:
driver.SwitchTo().Alert().Dismiss(); Retrieve alert text:
string alertText = alert.Text; |
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Selenium Operations |
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Launch a Webpage:
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("<URL>");
Click a button:
var buttonElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("<button_element_css_selector>"));
buttonElement.Click();
Print the page title:
var title = driver.Title; Console.WriteLine(title); Wait for an element to be visible:
var wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));
var element = wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementIsVisible(By.Id("<element ID>")));
Wait for an element to be clickable:
var wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));
var element = wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementToBeClickable(By.Id("<element ID>")));
Implicit wait:
driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10); // 10 seconds Explicit wait:
var wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10)); var element = wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementLocated(By.CssSelector(“<element_css_selector>”))); // 10 seconds Sleep:
Thread.Sleep(5000); // 5 seconds or 5000 milliseconds Take a screenshot:
var screenshot = ((ITakesScreenshot)driver).GetScreenshot();
screenshot.SaveAsFile("screenshot.png", ScreenshotImageFormat.Png);
Clear the input field text:
var inputElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("<input_element_css_selector>"));
inputElement.Clear();
Disable a field (set the ‘disabled’ attribute):
((IJavaScriptExecutor)driver).ExecuteScript(“document.querySelector(‘<element_css_selector>’).setAttribute(‘disabled’, ”);”); Enable a field (remove the ‘disabled’ attribute):
((IJavaScriptExecutor)driver).ExecuteScript("document.querySelector('<element_css_selector>').removeAttribute('disabled');");
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Selenium Grid |
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Start the hub
java -jar selenium-server-standalone-<version>.jar -role hub Start a node
java -jar selenium-server-standalone-<version>.jar -role node -hub http://localhost:4444/grid/register Server
http://localhost:4444/ui/index.html |
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