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Driver Initialization |
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| Chrome | driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome |
|---|---|
| Firefox | driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :firefox |
| Edge | driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :edge |
| Safari | driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :safari |
Locating Elements |
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| By ID: | driver.find_element(id: '<element ID>') |
| By Name: | driver.find_element(name: '<element name>') |
| By Class Name: | driver.find_element(class: '<element class>') |
| By Tag Name: | driver.find_element(tag_name: '<html tag name>') |
| By CSS Selector: | driver.find_element(css: 'Tag#Value of id attribute') |
| By XPath: | driver.find_element(xpath: "//input[@type='submit']") |
| By Link Text: | driver.find_element(link_text: '<link text>') |
| By Partial Link Text: | driver.find_element(partial_link_text: '<link text>') |
RSpec |
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| before(:all) do | Code executed before all tests |
| before(:each) do | Code executed before each test |
| it ‘performs a test’ do | Code for the test |
| after(:each) do | Code executed after each test |
| after(:all) do | Code executed after all tests |
Working with Files |
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Upload a file:
driver.find_element(id: 'file-upload').send_keys('/path/to/your/file.txt')
driver.find_element(id: 'file-submit').submit
Read data from a text file:
File.open('MyFile.txt', 'r') do |file|
file.each_line do |line|
puts line
end
end
Read data from a CSV file:
require 'csv' csv_file_path = 'path/to/your/csvfile.csv' CSV.foreach(csv_file_path) do |row| puts row.inspect # Print the entire row as an array # You can also access individual elements using indices, like row[0], row[1], etc. end Read data from an Excel file:
require 'rubyXL'
excel_file_path = 'path/to/your/excelfile.xlsx'
# Load the workbook
workbook = RubyXL::Parser.parse(excel_file_path)
# Access the worksheet by index (0-based)
worksheet = workbook[0]
# Iterate through the rows
worksheet.each do |row|
# Iterate through the cells in each row
row.cells.each do |cell|
# Print the cell's value
puts cell.value if cell
end
end
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Selenium Navigators |
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| Navigate to a URL | driver.navigate.to('<URL>') |
| Refresh the page | driver.navigate.refresh |
| Navigate forward in browser history | driver.navigate.forward |
| Navigate back in browser history | driver.navigate.back |
Working with Windows |
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Get the current window handle:
main_window_handle = driver.window_handle Get all window handles:
all_window_handles = driver.window_handles Switch to a specific window:
driver.switch_to.window(window_handle) Switch to newly created window:
driver.switch_to.new_window(:tab) driver.switch_to.new_window(:window) Close the current window:
driver.close Set window position:
driver.manage.window.position = Selenium::WebDriver::Point.new(0, 0) Maximize window:
driver.manage.window.maximize Minimize window:
driver.manage.window.minimize Fullscreen window:
driver.manage.window.fullscreen Take a Screenshot
driver.save_screenshot('image.png')
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Working with Frames |
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Switch to a frame by name or ID:
driver.switch_to.frame('buttonframe')
Switch to a frame by index:
driver.switch_to.frame(1) Switch to a frame using a WebElement:
iframe = driver.find_element(css: '#modal>iframe') driver.switch_to.frame(iframe) Switch back to the main content:
driver.switch_to.default_content |
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Working with Dropdowns (Select Elements) |
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Find the dropdown element:
dropdown = driver.find_element(id: 'dropdown_id') Create a Select instance for the dropdown element:
select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(dropdown) Select an option by visible text:
select.select_by(:text, 'Option Text') Select an option by value:
select.select_by(:value, 'option_value') Select an option by index:
select.select_by(:index, 1) Deselect all options (only applicable for multi-select dropdowns):
select.deselect_all |
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Mouse Actions |
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Click and hold:
element = driver.find_element(id: 'element_id') action_builder.click_and_hold(element).perform Release a held click:
action_builder.release.perform Drag and drop:
source = driver.find_element(id: 'source_element_id') target = driver.find_element(id: 'target_element_id') action_builder.drag_and_drop(source, target).perform Move to element:
action_builder.move_to(element).perform Double click:
action_builder.double_click(element).perform Context click (right-click):
action_builder.context_click(element).perform |
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Working with Alerts |
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Switch to an alert:
alert = driver.switch_to.alert Enter text in an alert:
alert.send_keys('Selenium')
Retrieve alert text:
text = alert.text |
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Selenium Operations |
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Launch a Webpage:
driver.navigate.to('<URL>')
Click a button:
search_button = driver.find_element(name: 'btnK') search_button.click Accept an alert pop-up:
driver.switch_to.alert.accept Print the page title:
title = driver.title puts title Wait for an element to be visible:
wait = Selenium::WebDriver::Wait.new(timeout: 10)
element = wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'element_id').displayed? }
Wait for an element to be enabled:
wait = Selenium::WebDriver::Wait.new(timeout: 10)
element = wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'element_id').enabled? }
Implicit wait:
driver.manage.timeouts.implicit_wait = 30 Explicit wait:
wait = Selenium::WebDriver::Wait.new(timeout: 10)
first_result = wait.until { driver.find_element(xpath: '//a/h3') }
Sleep:
sleep(<Time in Seconds>) Clear the input field text:
search_input = driver.find_element(name: 'q')
search_input.send_keys('selenium')
search_input.clear
Disable a field (set the ‘disabled’ attribute):
driver.execute_script("document.getElementsByName('fname')[0].setAttribute('disabled', '');")
Enable a field (remove the ‘disabled’ attribute):
driver.execute_script("document.getElementsByName('fname')[0].removeAttribute('disabled');")
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Selenium Grid |
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Start the hub
java -jar selenium-server-standalone-x.y.z.jar -role hub Start a node
java -jar selenium-server-standalone-x.y.z.jar -role node -hub http://localhost:4444/grid/register Server
http://localhost:4444/ui/index.html Note: Replace "x.y.z" with the version number of your Selenium Server Standalone JAR file. |
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