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Driver Initialization |
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| Chrome | WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); |
|---|---|
| Firefox | WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); |
| Edge | WebDriver driver = new EdgeDriver(); |
| Safari | WebDriver driver = new SafariDriver(); |
Locating Elements |
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| By ID: | driver.findElement(By.id (<element ID>)) |
| By Name: | driver.findElement(By.name(<element name>)) |
| By Class Name: | driver.findElement(By.className (<element class>)) |
| By Tag Name: | driver.findElement(By.tagName (<html tag name>)) |
| By CSS Selector: | driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("Tag#Value of id attribute")) |
| By XPath: | driver.findElement(By.xpath (“//input[@type='submit']”)) |
| By Link Text: | driver.findElement(By.linkText (<link text>)) |
| By Partial Link Text: | driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText (<link text>)) |
TestNG |
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| @BeforeSuite | Will run before the execution of all the test methods in the suite |
| @BeforeTest | Will execute before the execution of all the test methods of available classes belonging to that folder |
| @BeforeClass | Will execute before the first method of the current class is invoked |
| @BeforeMethod | Will execute before each test method runs |
| @Test | This is the main part of our automation script where we write the business logic we want to automate |
| @AfterMethod | Will execute after the execution of each test method |
| @AfterClass | Will execute after the execution of all the test methods of the current class |
| @AfterTest | Will execute after the execution of all the test methods of available classes belonging to that folder |
| @AfterSuite | Will execute after the execution of all the test methods in the suite |
JUnit |
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| @Test | Represents the method or class as a test block, also accepts parameters. |
| @Before | The method with this annotation gets executed before all the other tests. |
| @BeforeClass | The method with this annotation gets executed once before class. |
| @After | The method with this annotation gets executed after all the other tests are executed. |
| @AfterClass | The method with this annotation gets executed once after class. |
| @Ignore | It is used to ignore certain test statements during execution. |
| @Disabled | Used to disable the tests from execution, but the corresponding reports of the tests are still generated. |
Working with Files |
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Upload a file:
driver.findElement(By.id("file-upload")).sendKeys(“path/to/your/file.txt”);
driver.findElement(By.id("file-submit")).submit();
Read data from a text file:Using BufferedReader:
FileReader reader = new FileReader(“MyFile.txt”);
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(reader);
String line;
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
System.out.println(line);
}
reader.close();
Using InputStream:
FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(“MyFile.txt”);
InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream, “UTF-16”);
int character;
while ((character = reader.read()) != -1) {
System.out.print((char) character);
}
reader.close();
Using FileReader:
FileReader reader = new FileReader(“MyFile.txt”);
int character;
while ((character = reader.read()) != -1) {
System.out.print((char) character);
}
reader.close();
Read data from a CSV file:
mport au.com.bytecode.opencsv.CSVReader;
String path = “C:\\Users\\Myuser\\Desktop\\csvtest.csv”;
Reader reader = new FileReader(path);
CSVReader csvreader = new CSVReader(reader);
List<String[]> data = csvreader.readAll();
for(String[] d : data){
for(String c : d ){
System.out.println(c);
}
}
Read data from an Excel file:
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.IOException; File file = new File(“E:\\TestData\\TestData.xls”); FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(file); HSSFWorkbook wb=new HSSFWorkbook(inputStream); HSSFSheet sheet=wb.getSheet(“STUDENT_DATA”); HSSFRow row2=sheet.getRow(1); HSSFCell cell=row2.getCell(5); String address= cell.getStringCellValue(); |
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Selenium Navigators |
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| Navigate to a URL | driver.get("<URL>") or driver.navigate().to("<URL>") |
| Refresh the page | driver.navigate().refresh() |
| Navigate forward in browser history | driver.navigate().forward() |
| Navigate back in browser history | driver.navigate().back() |
Working with Windows |
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Get the current window handle:
String mainWindowHandle = driver.getWindowHandle(); Get all window handles:
import java.util.Set; Set<String> allWindowHandles = driver.getWindowHandles(); Switch to a specific window:
String windowHandle = driver.getWindowHandle(); driver.switchTo().window(windowHandle); Switch to newly created window:
driver.switchTo().newWindow(WindowType.TAB); driver.switchTo().newWindow(WindowType.WINDOW); Close the current window:
driver.close(); Set window position:
driver.manage().window().setPosition(new Point(0, 0)); Maximize window:
driver.manage().window().maximize(); Minimize window:
driver.manage().window().minimize(); Fullscreen window:
driver.manage().window().fullscreen(); Take a Screenshot
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File("./image.png"));
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Working with Frames |
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Switch to a frame by name or ID:
driver.switchTo().frame("buttonframe");
Switch to a frame by index:
driver.switchTo().frame(1); Switch to a frame using a WebElement:
WebElement iframe = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#modal>iframe"));
driver.switchTo().frame(iframe);
Switch back to the main content:
driver.switchTo().defaultContent(); |
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Working with Alerts |
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Switch to an alert:
Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert(); Enter text in an alert:
alert.sendKeys("Selenium");
Retrieve alert text:
String text = alert.getText(); |
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Selenium Operations |
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Launch a Webpage:
driver.get("<URL>") or driver.navigate().to("<URL>")
Click a button:
WebElement searchButton = driver.findElement(By.name("btnK"));
searchButton.click();
Accept an alert pop-up:
driver.switchTo( ).alert( ).accept(); Print the page title:
String title = driver.getTitle(); System.out.println(title); Implicit wait:
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS); Explicit wait:
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
WebElement firstResult = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10))
.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath("//a/h3")));
Sleep:
Thread.sleep(<Time in MilliSeconds>); Clear the input field text:
WebElement searchInput = driver.findElement(By.name("q"));
searchInput.sendKeys("selenium");
searchInput.clear();
Disable a field (set the ‘disabled’ attribute):
JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
String todisable = "document.getElementsByName('fname')[0].setAttribute('disabled', '');";
javascript.executeScript(todisable);
Enable a field (remove the ‘disabled’ attribute):
JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
String toEnable = "document.getElementsByName('fname')[0].setAttribute(enabled, '');";
javascript.executeScript(toEnable);
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Selenium Grid |
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Start the hub
java -jar selenium-server-standalone-x.y.z.jar -role hub Start a node
java -jar selenium-server-standalone-x.y.z.jar -role node -hub Server
http://localhost:4444/ui/index.html |
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