Selenium with Python Cheat Sheet

Driver Initialization

from selenium import webdriver

Locating Elements

Pytest

1. Test functions: Define test functions by prefixing their names with “test_”. Pytest
   will automatically discover and run these functions as test cases.

   def test_example_function():
     # Test code here

2. Fixtures are used to set up and tear down resources, like test data or objects. They
   can be created using the @pytest.fixture decorator and are passed as function arguments to
   the test functions that need them.

   import pytest
   @pytest.fixture
     def example_fixture():
       # Set up code here
       yield
       # Tear down code here
     
     def test_example_function(example_fixture):
       # Test code here

Unittest

1. Test classes: Create test classes by inheriting from unittest.TestCase.

   import unittest
   class ExampleTestCase(unittest.TestCase):

2. Test methods: Define test methods within the test classes by prefixing their names with
   “test_”.

   class ExampleTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_example_method(self):
       # Test code here

3. setUp and tearDown: These methods are used to set up and tear down resources for each
   test method. Override them in your test class as needed.

   class ExampleTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
       # Set up code here
     def tearDown(self):
       # Tear down code here
     def test_example_method(self):
       # Test code here

4. setUpClass and tearDownClass: These class methods are used to set up and tear down
   resources for the entire test class. Override them in your test class and use the
   @classmethod decorator.

   class ExampleTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
     @classmethod
       def setUpClass(cls):
         # Set up code here
     @classmethod
       def tearDownClass(cls):
         # Tear down code here
     def test_example_method(self):
       # Test code here

Working with Files

file_input = driver.find_element_by_id("file-upload")
file_input.send_keys("path/to/your/file.txt")

with open("path/to/your/file.txt", "r") as file:
data = file.read()

import csv
with open("path/to/your/file.csv", "r") as csvfile:
csv_reader = csv.reader(csvfile)
  for row in csv_reader:
    print(row)

import openpyxl (install with pip install openpyxl)
workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook("path/to/your/file.xlsx")
worksheet = workbook.active
for row in worksheet.iter_rows():
  for cell in row:
    print(cell.value)

Selenium Navigators

driver.get("https://www.example.com")

driver.refresh()

driver.forward()

driver.back()

Working with Windows

driver.current_window_handle

driver.window_handles

driver.switch_to.window("window_handle")

driver.switch_to.window(driver.window_handles[-1])

driver.close()

Working with Frames

driver.switch_to.frame("frame_id")

driver.switch_to.frame(0) # Switch to the first frame by index

frame_element = driver.find_element_by_id("frame_id")
 driver.switch_to.frame(frame_element)

driver.switch_to.default_content()

Selenium Operations

driver.get("https://www.example.com")

button = driver.find_element_by_id("button_id")
button.click()

alert = driver.switch_to.alert
alert.accept()

print(driver.title)

driver.implicitly_wait(10) # Waits up to 10 seconds for elements to appear

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
element = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "element_id")))

import time
time.sleep(5) # Pause the script for 5 seconds

input_field = driver.find_element_by_id("input_field_id")
input_field.clear()

field = driver.find_element_by_id("field_id")
driver.execute_script("arguments[0].setAttribute('disabled', true)", field)

field = driver.find_element_by_id("field_id")
driver.execute_script("arguments[0].removeAttribute('disabled')", field)

Selenium Grid

java -jar selenium-server-standalone-x.y.z.jar -role hub

java -jar selenium-server-standalone-x.y.z.jar -role node -hub

http://localhost:4444/ui/index.html